materials.silicon

materials.silicon()

Single-crystal silicon, intrinsic, at 300 K — dies and MEMS.

Silicon is elastically anisotropic; this entry uses the ⟨100⟩ direction (E = 130 GPa, ν = 0.28), which is the wafer-normal direction for standard (100) wafers. ⟨110⟩ and ⟨111⟩ reach 169 GPa and 188 GPa respectively. yield_strength holds a practical fracture strength: silicon is brittle with no yield point, and measured fracture strength is dominated by surface and edge damage, ranging from ~100 MPa for a sawn edge to several GPa for a pristine etched surface — 165 MPa is a conservative die-level figure.

Sources: Hopcroft, Nix & Kenny, “What is the Young’s Modulus of Silicon?”, J. Microelectromech. Syst. 19(2):229–238, 2010; CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th ed. (density, conductivity, specific heat, CTE).

Returns

Name	Type	Description
	Material	A fresh Material with a dark specular die appearance.